The Power of the Church

Reading Guide:
Otto invades Italy on pope's behalf: 
Causes: he followed in Charlemagne's footsteps and became allies with the pope
Outcomes: the pope rewarded Otto by crowning him emperor

 Pope Gregory bans lay investiture: 
Causes: the Church felt that the kings should not have that much power
Outcomes: Gregory excommunicated Henry IV

 Henry IV travels to Canossa: 
Causes: he was excommunicated by pope Gregory
Outcomes: Henry was forgiven

 Representatives of Church and emperor meet in Worms: 
Causes: Gregory and Henry were fighting over lay investiture
Outcomes: German princes regained their power that was lost from Otto

 Lombard League fights Battle of Legnano: 
Causes: Fredrick repeatedly invaded the rich cities of Italy
Outcomes: Fredrick's authority was undermined

Assessment: 
clergy: a body of officials who perform religious services
sacrament: one of the Christian ceremonies in which God's grace is transmitted to people
canon law: the body of laws governing the religious practices of a Christian church
Holy Roman Empire: an empire established in Europe in the 10th century A.D. originally consisting mainly of lands in what is now Germany and Italy
lay investiture: the appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles

 2. Henry traveling to Canossa and Pope Gregory banning lay investiture were power struggles between the Church and rulers.

 3. The canon law covered marriage and religious practices.

 4. Otto set an example that many heirs after him were trying to follow and get the kingdom back to the way that Otto had it.

 5. It caused a struggle between kings and popes when the kings were gaining more and more power and the Church thought that they should not have that much power to rule with.

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